Pediatric ophthalmology clinic services. Diagnostic examination of children: features and tips

Ophthalmologists sadly state that the number of children with eye pathology increases significantly from year to year.

The ability to see this world well is incredibly important for a child, otherwise he will not be able to comprehend it in all its glory. For the smallest, the main thing is the correct development of the visual system. Adolescents have other problems: high school loads often cause visual fatigue, leading to serious diseases.

Ophthalmologists do not get tired of reminding parents: early problem solving child sight, increases the ability to achieve really good results. The visual system of children is very flexible. It is much easier to affect it, because it is more susceptible. True, with time the situation will change, therefore, the main thing is to take advantage of the favorable moment!

The functional development of the eyes begins from the moment of birth of the child and lasts until the period of puberty (12-14 years). It is proved that in childhood it is easiest to cope with the majority of ophthalmologic diseases, without surgical intervention. But this requires timely diagnosis and adequate treatment. Very often, too much depends on when the disease is detected. Chances of success, as a rule, disappear very quickly. To be calm and confident that everything is going right - just bring the child to a specialist!

Modern Moscow ophthalmological clinics provide the opportunity for a complete diagnosis of the child's organ of vision, professional advice from a specialist and a detailed medical prognosis. Here you will be helped to draw up a program for the prevention of pathologies, will offer therapeutic or surgical treatment. For each patient, individual treatment regimens will be prepared here, taking into account not only the condition, but also the age, character and lifestyle of a small person. And this approach is considered the norm.

Children's ophthalmologic departments are highly professional ophthalmologists who have extensive experience in working with children and are well versed in child psychology, which makes the treatment highly effective and as comfortable as possible for both parties, which is very appealing to soothing parents.

Video about the main problems of pediatric ophthalmology

Comprehensive vision stimulation

Childhood is the time for the formation of the organ of vision, therefore it is during this period that fertile ground is created for correcting it only with the help of therapeutic methods and complex stimulation, without surgical intervention. The procedures used in the clinic are safe for children and completely painless. All of them confirmed their high efficiency in practice.

Dynamic observation

The child’s visual system is in constant development, therefore it requires dynamic observation by an ophthalmologist. Only in this case, you can take into account the changes that occur and adjust the treatment and prevention programs in accordance with the situation. In specialized eye clinics  dynamic observation is carried out by pediatric ophthalmologists with extensive experience in similar work.

Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery

Surgical interventions for strabismus, congenital and require a very balanced approach and are carried out only in cases of objective necessity, when the condition initially hinders the development of normal vision or threatens the child with blindness.

Everything is aimed at ensuring that surgical interventions are more benign, therefore the best equipment and the safest consumables are used for children.

All operations are performed in a comfortable environment, preparations for anesthesia are selected strictly individually, which ensures the speed and ease of recovery. Just a couple of hours after the operation, the baby is allowed to go home.

Correction of child myopia

If your child has myopia, annual or sometimes more frequent measurements of eye parameters become especially relevant. In the Moscow ophthalmological centers a specialized program called “School of myopia treatment” has been introduced. The program provides for the selection of optical or contact correction for small users, the provision of appropriate treatment with therapeutic methods, as well as drawing up a plan of individual homework according to special methods, a gymnastics complex for the eyes, testing the baby’s vision at home. The program is conducted under the patronage of an ophthalmologist, who makes the necessary adjustments.

Treatment of children's strabismus

Often, for the treatment of strabismus is quite therapeutic methods, such as special glasses or lenses, exercises for the eyes, etc. However, in some cases, the operation can not be avoided. The most important role in this period is played by therapeutic support. After all, operations for strabismus are aimed only at achieving a cosmetic effect, without restoring the binocularity of vision. Therefore, after surgery, small patients of Moscow clinics undergo a course of special therapy, helping to adapt to a new eye sensation, to get the best results of strabismus correction.

Pediatric amblyopia

Aambliopia (lazy eye) - off from the process of vision of one child’s eye (partially or completely). The disease, as a rule, develops with strabismus, as well as high degrees of farsightedness, etc. Until recently, medicine did not have effective methods of treating the "lazy eye." And even having restored the coordinated work of the child’s eyes, it was not always possible to restore the correct stereoscopic vision. Today, in the capital, amblyopia learned to win completely with the help of the new device "".

Dear Parents!

Remember, only in childhood it is possible to solve vision problems without resorting to drastic measures. If you are interested in the health of your child's eyes, take care of this now. Do not neglect the complex diagnosis, only it can reveal any hidden pathologies, the decision about the treatment of which will then be taken by the doctor. However, the diagnosis can also result in the absolute health of your baby’s eyes, which will certainly give you a good mood and bring a feeling of deep satisfaction. Take care of your children's eyes, and professionals from Moscow ophthalmological clinics will always help you with this! Good vision in childhood is the key to future prosperity!

Approximately 50% of children remain far-sighted, the rest become either near-sighted or maintain normal vision. With farsightedness of up to 3.0 diopters due to the constant tension of the refracting medium of the eye, most patients have good vision in the distance, and near satisfactory, therefore, this long-sightedness is called hidden and many children do not use glasses, but experience discomfort when looking at the distance and near, periodic tearing, headache, the so-called asthenopic complaints. In order to reveal the power of hidden hyperopia, modern pediatric ophthalmology uses eye cycloplegia to determine the necessary refraction.

• In the presence of asthenopic complaints, children should be examined for latent farsightedness.
• In the case of its identification, the doctor writes out glasses and assigns training exercises for devices.
• Hyperopia as well as myopia in children is corrected with glasses or contact lenses.
• Further, with age, the degree of hyperopia in humans usually does not change.

Correction of children's ametropia

Farsightedness remains in the child if, for any reason, there is a delay in the growth of the eyeballs (except for hereditary predisposition). There are two reasons: the presence of a very flat cornea, which has a significantly reduced refractive power. The second reason is the absence of the lens in the eye, as the most important part of the refractive optical system of the eye. Perhaps a congenital absence of the lens, as well as its removal, for example, after a serious injury. In our ophthalmologic clinic, such children (regardless of age) are subjected to implantation of the lens. These operations help to preserve the eye as an organ of vision, impede the development of amblyopia, and contribute to the preservation or development of binocular functions.

Correction of myopia in our opinion must be assigned (the sooner the better) to children who are at risk of impaired binocular vision. The total number of myopic on the planet is close to one billion people. Children are especially affected. The problem of myopia is recognized as one of the main in modern ophthalmology.

Until recently, measures to combat myopia came down mainly to improving the social and hygienic conditions of visual work and improving the health of children. In case of myopia, in order to prevent its progression, it is necessary to assign glasses that would allow to perform visual work in the vicinity with significantly reduced accommodative-convergence loads.

If the child is prescribed the maximum correction into the distance, then when working near such glasses cause the work of accommodation, which leads to further progression of myopia. In our clinic, to prevent the progression of myopia in children, we widely use individually selected training schemes for the treatment of myopia and its progression.

The so-called sphero-prismatic glasses of BSPO are widely used in pediatric ophthalmology - the upper zone is designed for distant vision, and the lower, sphero-prismatic glasses, reduce the loads when working close, i.e. there will be no conditions for the progression of myopia. The proportion between accommodation and convergence, the basis of normal binocular vision, remains.

In our clinic, special tests are used, which allow timely detection of children at risk for short-sightedness - it is they who first need to prescribe unloading optics to prevent the progression of myopia.

Astigmatism, as a rule, is a congenital state of the optics of the eye, associated with the lack of sphericity of the cornea and (or) the lens during fetal formation eyeball. In addition to the congenital features of the eyeball, the causes of the appearance of astigmatism may include: eye injuries, eye surgery, corneal diseases. Due to this, the light rays at different points of the curved cornea or lens will be refracted in different ways, with different power and form a fuzzy image on the retina. For the correction of astigmatism, special cylindrical glasses are used, contact lenses. Surgical methods of vision correction, including astigmatism, can be recommended mainly after the age of 18. However, with anisometropia, amblyopia, the vision problem can be solved earlier.

Amblyopia - low visual acuity in the normal anatomical state of the eye, most often one eye. The reason may be strabismus, ignoring the wearing of glasses with low visual acuity (poor correction of astigmatism), opacification of optical ocular media (cataract), corneal opacification, keratoconus, ptosis, etc. If the child’s optics of the eye is not broken, then a good, clear image of the surrounding objects gets onto the retina, and gradually the vision begins to perceive small details of the surrounding world. If, for any reason, the image does not reach the retina, due to poor optics (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc.) or due to the low light of the small child's permanent location, the visual analyzer remains underdeveloped, and later able to distinguish objects only at the level of clarity that was available to him from the very beginning. Amblyopia can develop at any age, even in the elderly.

It should be noted that with visual acuity of one eye lower than 20%, which is often found in amblyopia, binocular vision is impaired, which is the ability of both eyes to combine the individual images they see into a single perceived picture. Binocular vision, respectively, is a very important mechanism in the process of human adaptation to the environment, as it is a three-dimensional display of reality. It determines the depth, its volume. Monocular vision, that is, vision with one eye in the absence of the second or with a significant decrease in its vision, displays the world around only in two planes. It is very important that in case of a violation of binocular vision, the ability to correctly estimate the distance to an object is lost, the sense of distance disappears.

Correction of children's strabismus

It is very important to have binocular vision in a person’s life, and it is formed in early childhood. Therefore, each child should be consulted by an ophthalmologist to identify and eliminate the possible causes of the emergence and development of a "lazy eye", for example, in the case of congenital cataracts. The earlier the treatment of amblyopia is begun, the higher the child’s vision may be in the end. If a child is started and in time does not begin treatment of amblyopia, he becomes accustomed to look with one eye and this state of visual functions is determined only in school years at annual medical examinations at school. Sometimes, even with a diagnosis of abliopia, parents do not rush to start treatment or treat it frivolously, and therefore the time is so important to start treatment.

It is best to correct amblyopia before the age of 5-7 years; after the formation of the visual analyzer, i.e. after 10-12 years, correcting the visual defect is difficult. Very often these children develop strabismus. So if the child sees equally with each eye, i.e. a clear image of objects falls on the retina, the eyeballs will move simultaneously, and if the vision of one eye is reduced, i.e. the eye is amblyopic, the muscles do not have a normal tone, are innervated differently, the eyeballs work asynchronously, and the eye is visually marked.

It should be particularly noted that strabismus is not just a cosmetic defect, it can be considered as a disease of the child’s nervous system, leading to severe disorders of visual function. Basically, there are two main types of strabismus: friendly and paralytic. Perhaps the presence of alternate deviations of the eye from the fixed object. Such strabismus is called alternating.

In the clinic “OkodMed” doctors conduct a thorough examination of all patients and, if necessary, prescribe special treatment glasses in conjunction with exercises on the instruments. The sooner the treatment is started, the greater the chance of restoring vision, eliminating the cause and preventing the development of a violation of binocular functions.

Asthenopia is a complex of phenomena associated with a feeling of discomfort when reading and visual work in the vicinity, headaches that cause fatigue, decreased performance, an increase in the number of errors, and deterioration of mood.

As a rule, asthenopic phenomena occur due to the inconsistency of the state of the ophthalmic muscular system and the tasks that it must perform in the process of visual function, or, more simply, the weakness of the eye muscles.

Many children, as well as adults, especially with long-term visual loads, quickly get tired, which usually happens in children with high refractions - high-sighted hyperopia, anisometropia (a large refraction difference of more than 2 diopters between two eyes). Some older people have the same phenomena when they see into the distance - in this case, effective help may be provided with glasses.

Such patients are recommended a course of special exercises on devices that prevent the decline of binocular functions, the development of amblyopia, diplopia correction. If necessary, the selection of special spectacle correction, including prismatic. This complex treatment can be temporary - as a result of exercises, massage, sphere-prismatic glasses, it can be reduced or gradually canceled.

Friendly squint - in the world at least 2.5% of children suffer from this disease. There are the following types of friendly strabismus: monolateral (always mows only one eye), alternating (alternately mowing one or the other eye). Friendly squint is not only an external unpleasant flaw. At the same time, such a person does not have normal binocular and stereoscopic vision, does not perceive the volumetric arrangement of objects, and cannot work on industries related to moving parts. Many specialties are closed for him.

Currently, in the world practice, the most common surgical methods of strabismus correction. However, statistics show that the percentage of functional success in this case is small - very few patients receive normal binocular vision. In the overwhelming majority, there is only a slight decrease in the angle of strabismus, or only a temporary effect. It should be said that the operated eye muscles dramatically lose their performance. Therefore, in postoperative patients the percentage of functional success in the treatment of our method is much lower.

In our clinic, we use a treatment for patients with a binocular vision disorder, selected individually for each patient. After a thorough examination of the patient - eye refraction, all biometric parameters, examination of the fundus of the eye and checking the functionality of the eye - the doctor prescribes a treatment that reduces:

• To the selection and recommendations of wearing spectacle correction, sometimes sphero-prismatic, the selection of contact correction (treatment is aimed at increasing visual acuity and reducing the ghosting of objects);
• Appointment of special home workouts;
• Course-pleopto-orthoptic treatment according to an individual scheme.

One of the important features of the organ of vision is the ability to clearly see objects at different distances from the eye - accommodation. The main means of accommodation of the eye is the lens, its ability to become convex or flat under various eye loads. In this process, the ciliary eye muscles are actively involved. The farther the object in question is located from the eye, the larger the lens should flatten, the closer the object, the more convex the lens should be so that the image is clear. This is the mechanism of accommodation.

Under unfavorable conditions, the ciliary muscles spasm, i.e. continue to be abbreviated when the eye has already ceased to fix the close object. As a result, distant vision is impaired. This condition is called accommodation spasm or may have a different name - just as with myopia, the refractive ability of the eye increases significantly. As a rule, the spasm is typical for children of adolescents and young people. The identified accommodation spasm necessarily requires early treatment, since untreated spasm leads to the emergence and growth of true true myopia.

Pediatric ophthalmology at the Okomed clinic

The clinic "OkodMed" carried out a full diagnosis and subsequent therapeutic or surgical treatment of identified diseases. An individual treatment program is prepared for each child. Ophthalmologists work here, who have a great deal of practical experience working with children, understand the psychology of a child’s personality, which makes treatment more effective and comfortable.

As a result of a course of treatment (10–15 sessions), visual acuity increases by 15–20% in 85% of cases, and the accommodation stock increases by 3–4 diopters. In children who work a lot with computers, their visual performance increases, complaints of visual discomfort and reduced vision disappear.

We carry out correction of ametropia - there is a large selection of frames for both the smallest patients and adolescents. The clinic has a contact correction room, a large selection of soft contact lenses, in the case of astigmatism, in addition to spectacle correction, we use toric contact lenses.

In the case of progressive myopia, strabismus, congenital cataract, surgical treatment is carried out in the clinic. The clinic provides assistance to patients who are in emergency situations who do not require hospitalization.

After a thorough examination of the child, the parents receive answers to all their questions about the state of his eyes and recommendations for the future. In childhood, it is much easier to cope with various diseases of the visual system, but you can simply not allow them to develop.

The clinic provides successful treatment of diseases:

• congenital and acquired myopia (myopia);
• hyperopia (farsightedness);
• accommodation spasm;
• astigmatism;
• amblyopia;
• cataracts;
• glaucoma;
• different types of strabismus;
• pathologies of the optic nerve and retina.

In our clinic, we have created optimal conditions not only for examination, but also for children's recreation.

Prices for pediatric ophthalmology services

Apparatus treatment for children with impaired binocular vision and retinal pathologies - 10 sessions from 15,000 rubles.
It is carried out only to patients who are being treated at the OkoMed ophthalmologic clinic after the appointment of the attending physician.

Good development of the eyes and the visual system begins with the birth of a person and then lasts up to fourteen years. If your child has problems in this area, it’s worth thinking where to check the sight of a child.

Patients of the age category up to fourteen years old can get rid of eye problems rather quickly, without even calling on surgeons and radical treatment methods. In order to begin therapy, it is necessary to visit the doctor periodically.

You can check your child’s vision in Moscow at our ophthalmologic clinic. You will find a program developed by our specialists, which is based on the operation of high-precision instruments, and therefore gives undeniable results. Such diagnostic examination of children  helps to identify any diseases affecting the eye area. Its dignity is that it will be possible to learn about pathologies, even of small sizes, which are still undergoing early stagewhen you can be cured easily and quickly.

You can sign up for a general diagnostic examination of children. It is comfortable in that it examines at once all parts of the organs of vision and can provide the most detailed information about the state of the subject.

It is easy to check the vision of a child in Moscow, but how?

If you encounter such problems for the first time, do not hesitate to contact a specialist with questions. You will be helped by a pediatric ophthalmologist, he will provide detailed information and highlight all vague points.

If you want to check the eyes of a child  Sign up for a comprehensive examination. What it can do to itself:

• Checking binocularity, as the patient sees, with both eyes.
• Paid pediatric oculist looks at how acute the child’s vision is, which is typical: hyperopia, myopia, etc. At first, the patient simply says whether he sees signs on the table, calls them, closes one eye, then repeats the same actions, wearing glasses.
• Determined whether there is a squint.
• It is mandatory to measure the pressure inside the eye.
• An ultrasound is being carried out, which will help to get very extensive information about the vision of the child, the features of his eyes. Both the front and back of the organs of vision are examined.
• Biomicroscopy is performed in which the anterior and posterior parts of the eyeball itself are examined.
• Be sure to explore the fundus of the eye.

After all these procedures, a good pediatric ophthalmologist will be able to make an accurate diagnosis, draw a conclusion and prescribe a particular treatment.

For those who need a pediatric ophthalmologist in Moscow, we suggest contacting the DoctorVisus clinic. Here, every young patient is treated with due care.

Paid children's optometrist and other doctors at the Doctor Vizus clinic

Diagnostics are performed only by specialists who have medical education  and certificate. The work allowed only experienced staff. Each client can be convinced of this after the inspection. Parents of patients with vision problems should not worry too much, because the young body is rather well treated before it reaches maturity.

When the results of the procedures are known, the pediatric ophthalmologist will advise you on whether you need treatment in your case. If therapy is required, the patient will be prescribed a suitable course of treatment.

A children's ophthalmologist in Moscow will help if you drop in often

• In the absence of problems, one inspection per year is sufficient.
• If there is myopia, astigmatism and other diseases, it is worth coming a year or two a year.
• If the structure of the retina is disturbed, it is worth visiting the doctor twice a year.

  Register in our clinic, if you need a pediatric ophthalmologist in Moscow - be sure that the eyes of the child are healthy.

The fundamental development of the children's vision protection service in the USSR can be attributed to 1963. This year, on the basis of a small eye department in the Morozov Children's Clinical Hospital, headed by Dr. med. BA Tokareva, received its birth and subsequent growth of the country's first department of pediatric ophthalmology. The history of the department began with the creation in 1963 of the course of ophthalmology for teaching pediatric ophthalmology to students - future pediatricians.

In 1964, the course was reasonably transformed into a department. This department was created at the initiative of the Rector of the 2nd MOLMI. N.I.Pirogov Professor M.G.Sirotkina and Minister of Health of the RSFSR V.V. Trofimov. For 25 years, the course organizer and then head of the department and clinic was first a candidate and then a doctor of medical sciences, a higher category doctor, an honored scientist, the first chief children's ophthalmologist of the USSR, and later the head of the postgraduate course for ophthalmologists of the RSMU and honorary head of the university Evgeny Ignatievich Kovalevsky.

The first members of the department were candidates of medical sciences, ophthalmologists A.M. Lavrentyev, G.Z.Akchurina, EKGeymos, O.V. Grusha, L.I. Lisitsina. Among the first graduate students, assistants and associate professors were V.V. Mishustin, M.R. Guseva, R.A.Gubareva, L.A.Dubovskaya, Ph.D., and then dms. B.A. Tokareva, G.S. Polunin, E.G.Sidorov, L.A.Katargina, A.G. Korablev. Many of them have become professors and are leading experts in various scientific institutions of Russia. The department established a research laboratory of the age pathophysiology of the eye, in which the senior researcher V.S. Faustov, F.A. Romashenkov, O.S. Komarov, L.Ya.Proshina, L.F. Stebaeva worked.

E.I. Kovalevsky with the participation of members of the department was prepared and published by the publishing house "Medicine" in 1970, the first textbook "Children's Ophthalmology". The textbook received the approval of the country's ophthalmologists, was awarded diplomas, diplomas, prizes of the Ministry of Health, the Moscow Council, the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, administration, Moscow City Hall and the Ministry of Education. This textbook, revised and supplemented with information already called “Eye Diseases”, was reprinted three times (1980, 1985, 1995) on the recommendation of the USSR Ministry of Health. In addition, as a textbook for students, E.I. Kovalevsky prepared and first published an atlas of children's eye diseases, selected lectures in ophthalmology.

One of the main directions of the scientific work of the department was the improvement of the organization of the protection of children's vision in the country based on a study of the structure and level of children's ocular morbidity, weak sight and blindness. The overwhelming number of scientific studies was devoted to the study of inflammatory ocular pathology (conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis), congenital eye changes (congenital glaucoma, cataracts, retinoblastoma), as well as eye diseases associated with the common diseases of children at different ages. The last problem is devoted to the book "Diseases of the organ of vision in case of common diseases in children (2003) and" Ocular manifestations of common diseases in children (1978). These works of the department are highly appreciated and implemented in a wide daily practice of the work of ophthalmologists and pediatricians.

Professor E.I. Kovalevsky and subsequently Professor E.I. Sidorenko for many years were the main children's ophthalmologists of the city of Moscow.

The department has created and strengthened a permanent business relationship with the Ministry of Education of Russia. A joint order was issued on cooperation in the field of the protection of children's vision in preschool institutions and schools. Written and published in large quantities in. Moscow, Alma-Ata, Minsk and many other regions of the country brochures for the general population "Take care of the eyes and eyesight of children" (E.I. Kovalevsky, T.V.Birich, etc.). All these activities have significantly increased the ability to protect the eyesight of children from their birth to adulthood.

In order to improve the specialized care for children with squint and amblyopia, on the initiative of the department in 1968 in the south-west of the capital, the first in Russia Children's Eye Sanatorium was opened at Children's Clinical Hospital No. 1 for 80 people. It sent children with the most severe forms of amblyopia and strabismus, whose treatment turned out to be little or ineffective at the place of residence, as well as children who need 3-4 months or more before and after surgery.

The children's eye sanatorium is a scientific and practical clinical base of the department, where most orthoptists and nurses working in specialized establishments for the treatment of strabismus and amblyopia (special kindergartens, children's eye protection cabinets) are trained. The most modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of strabismus and amblyopia in children are still being developed and implemented.

An important clinical base of the department is an eye microsurgery department opened in 1988. in the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital (RCCH). On the basis of the RCCH, a postgraduate medical education course in pediatric ophthalmology is located; certification cycles for additional professional education by ophthalmologists from Moscow and Russian regions are held here. Cycles are conducted by: Professor Olga Vladimirovna Paramey and Nina V. Maksimova, Associate Professor.

The bases of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Faculty of Advanced Training of Doctors N.I. Pirogov on pediatric ophthalmology

Russian Children's Clinical Hospital

RDKB  opened in 1985, today is a major medical center capable of receiving more than a thousand children for treatment at the same time.

In the RCCH  provide highly qualified specialized medical care in 68 areas of pediatrics and pediatric surgery.

The hospital is equipped with the latest diagnostic equipment that provides all types of diagnostics: radiation, functional, endoscopy, angiography, biochemistry, cytology, immunology, neurophysiology, audiometry, etc.

More than 16 thousand sick children from all regions of Russia are hospitalized to the clinic every year; more than 6,000 operations are performed here. In 2007, a state-of-the-art operblock was opened at the RCCH. In the outpatient department is carried out to 40 thousand outpatient visits.

The hospital has more than 100 doctors and candidates of medical sciences, over 70% of doctors and nurses have the highest and first qualification categories.

Russian Children's Clinical Hospital  - a major educational and scientific center, on the basis of which there are 14 departments of the Russian State Medical University, two departments of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, the Federal Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of the Federal Agency for Health and Social Sciences, Scientific Clinical Genetics Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The RCCH is a major training center for the training of students, young specialists, doctors from territorial hospitals, and additional professional training of doctors. Over the past 5 years, about 1,200 interns, clinical residents, graduate students, and interns have been trained at the hospital.

In recent years Russian Children's Clinical Hospital awarded: Award of the Association of International Children's Foundations (2002), International Profession-Life Award (2004), Order of the Holy Blessed Tsarevich Dmitry of Moscow and the Wonderworker of Uglich (2005), Diploma of the Winner of the First International Public Award "Good Angel of Peace" for nobility thoughts and deeds (2007).

Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital

The history of the construction of the Morozov children’s city clinical hospital  It dates back to 1900, when donations from the merchant of the 1st guild of Vikuly Eliseevich Morozov began the construction of a new children's infectious hospital (the fourth children's hospital in the city). In 1902 - An outpatient clinic was opened, and in January 1903 - the first three infectious cases. The construction managers were the chief physician of the hospital NN Alekseev and the architect Ivanov-Shits.

In April 1902, an administrative building was built, in which an outpatient clinic was opened on the first floor. In January 1903 - the first three infectious buildings for 100 beds were opened. By 1906, another 6 buildings were built for patients with contagious and non-contagious diseases, a surgical building, a kitchen, storage rooms, a chapel, a sectional room, and a residential building for hospital managers.

At birth, the child has an amazing vision: the world is turned upside down and all objects have fuzzy outlines, both far and near. The hearing of the baby is nevertheless excellent, the tactile sphere of sensations is well developed, the sense of smell is relatively well developed. After 1-2 weeks, the picture of perception turns over. After which some kids make the first attempts to follow the subject.

Important to remember!   By 1 month, children should keep an eye on a bright object (preferably, if it is a bright squeaking toy; it should be slowly held 40 cm from the baby’s face to the left and right, drawing the child’s attention at the beginning of the procedure with the sound of this toy.

According to various data of foreign and Russian literature, 80-90% of children are hypermetropic at birth, i.e. farsighted. This feature of refractive power is explained by a small, still anterior - posterior axis of the eye, of the order of 16-18 mm. Subsequently, the baby's eye grows on average to 23-24mm (the relative anthropometric norm of the front - back length of the eye of an adult). Thus, with the growth of the eye, hypermetropia gradually disappears.

However, serious deviations occur more and more often from the desired plan for the development of the child’s vision. The first place is (myopia, the so-called "minus").

Necessary! Examine the child pediatric ophthalmologist  in 1 month within the framework of state standards for examining children. Then a year, then annually, or more often on the recommendation of an ophthalmologist!

In our clinic, the treatment of refractive disorders in children and adolescents is given an important place; all therapeutic and diagnostic activities are conducted by experienced experts in international standards. Only modern equipment from leading manufacturers is used!

WHY DOES BLISKOSIS (MYOPIA) ARRIVE?

Myopia is often congenital etiology (most often due to prematurity, heredity, is the result of pathological conditions and diseases). Myopia can be acquired. The heredity, weakness of accommodation, the so-called “weakening” of the sclera can also be the cause of acquired myopia (the issue of the adverse effects of hormones, growth stimulants that may be present in dairy and meat products, genetically modified products), prolonged work in the vicinity, overworking physical and psycho-emotional, adverse environmental impacts, active violations of visual hygiene, various diseases that lead to a weakening of the body.

Important to remember!   A child born absolutely healthy with the “correct” long-sightedness can become short-sighted from the very first years of life !!!

WHAT IS DANGEROUS MYOPIA?

If the baby has progressive myopia, there is a high risk of a qualitative decrease in vision as a percentage, even in the maximum spectacle correction. Vision with a full correction becomes low. Strabismus develops, retinal lesions appear!

Important to remember!   The degree and cause of myopia in a child is not so terrible, it is important to understand the condition of the retina, whether there are dangerous forms, and whether the baby’s irreversible vision loss has not occurred.

With myopia at any age it is possible:

1. The development of dystrophic changes on the retina, including tears, the formation of retinal detachments, resulting in a complete irreversible reduction in visual acuity, blindness, disability in advanced cases;
2. The development of amblyopia ("lazy eyes") - the inability to see the full 100% high-quality image of the eye with correction, and without it;
3. The development of strabismus on the background of existing amblyopia.

The power of parents to prevent these irreversible consequences!

Must be remembered!  Annual examination of children by an ophthalmologist is extremely important, even in the absence of complaints from the child.

HOW TO TREAT THE NEIGHBORHOOD IN CHILDREN?

It is important to understand that the child’s myopia, which is already present at the time of the examination, will not disappear anywhere and the main task of the ophthalmologist and parents is not leveling myopia, but reducing the risk of developing its complications. At a certain point, the process of myopia progression stops, qualitatively visual functions are preserved (and sometimes increased, for example, in the treatment of amblyopia, the so-called “lazy” eye), and adequate blood flow to the retina and choroid is maintained globally.

First, the child must be fully examined by an ophthalmologist under cycloplegic conditions (with a wide pupil). The tactics of the child using the correction (glasses and / or contact lenses, wearing mode, if necessary, for near, for distance, for constant wear, and many other important nuances) are defined.

Secondly, it is necessary to eliminate the pathology of the retina. And if, however, adverse changes are diagnosed, an individual treatment protocol is developed, including laser treatment, if necessary.

Third, a conservative treatment plan is being developed. According to the testimony, important stimulation hardware techniques are used, representing the child’s activities on various devices under the supervision of medical personnel. The course, the number of devices, the duration of classes is also determined by the individual program.

Fourthly, the plan of visits of the ophthalmologist is defined.

DISTANCE OF FORMATION (HYPERMETROPY).

In addition to the child's myopia, another serious danger lurks - hyperopia (the so-called long-sightedness). Normally, a child is born hypermetropic. In subsequent years, hypermetropia decreases, this is due to the growth of the eyeball. However, there are deviations from the desired development plan. Hyperopia can be of a higher degree than is possible at a particular age, which can lead to a decrease in visual acuity, the development of strabismus.

HOW TO TREAT HYPERMETROPY?

In each case, the ophthalmologist selects an individual course of treatment, including the correction of hyperopia with glasses, contact lenses, courses of visual stimulation, courses of conservative therapy. Often there are cases of myopia, hyperopia in only one eye. If at the same time the deviation has a low degree, then the child may not make any complaints!

HOW DOES DIAGNOSTICS OF CHILDREN?

First of all, you need a complete ophthalmologic examination of the child, including in cycloplegic conditions (with a wide pupil), which allows you to later choose the correct spectacle or even contact correction, and also using the most dilated pupil to examine the most important of the eye’s structures - the retina, revealing her pathology. As a result of the examination, it becomes clear whether the child needs to wear glasses or contact lenses and in what mode. Is it necessary to further treat the eyes and to what extent.

WHAT IS DANGEROUS IGNORING MYOPIA AND HYPERMETROPY IN CHILDREN?

In addition to the above dystrophic changes of the retina in myopia, the development of so-called amblyopia ("lazy eye") is possible. Those. This is a condition in which no glasses can return 100% vision to a child. The eye with a full correction does not see all of the 10 lines. And amblyopia, in turn, very often leads to squint !!!

It is very important to remember!  The health of your children, their success in various areas of life, including communication, their psychological health in your hands !!!